Specialization and Complementation of Humoral Immune Responses to Infection by T

Description: Specialization and Complementation of Humoral Immune Responses to Infection by Tim Manser Insights into the molecular mechanism of isotype class switching showed that during an immune response B cells could change the heavy chain of the antibody they produced, without influencing the structure and specificity of the antigen-binding variable regions of this antibody (Honjo 1983). FORMAT Hardcover LANGUAGE English CONDITION Brand New Publisher Description The importance of specific antibodies for the clearance of and long-term resistance to many infectious pathogens has long been appreciated. Moreover, the role in these processes of the different antibody heavy chain isotypes, each tailored to induce diverse effector pathways such as those mediated by complement and Fc receptors and to promote antibody localization in distinct regions of the body, is well established. Insights into the molecular mechanism of isotype class switching showed that during an immune response B cells could change the heavy chain of the antibody they produced, without influencing the structure and specificity of the antigen-binding variable regions of this antibody (Honjo 1983). More recently, the germinal center pathway of B cell development was elucidated, in which antibody variable regions undergo extensive structural alteration via hypermutation followed by stringent phenotypic selection (Berek 1992; Kelsoe 1995). Emerging from this pathway are memory B cells and long-lived antibody-forming cells that express antigen receptors and secrete antibodies, respectively, with increased affinity and specificity for the foreign antigen. Taken together, these findings led to a view of the acquisition of antibody-mediated resistance to infectious pathogens in mammals that involved extensive somatic matu- tion of antibody heavy and variable region structure and function during the immune response. This was in keeping with the concept that the B cell compartment comprises a major arm of the adaptive immune system. Such a view was reinforced by molecular analyses of antiviral antibody responses (Zinkernagel 1996). Notes Highlights a new perspective on antibody responses to infectionConveys its practical implications Back Cover In recent years the results of past studies on T cell dependent and T cell independent antibody responses have coalesced with discoveries regarding the roles of various primary B cell subsets and components of the innate immune system in conferring resistance to infectious pathogens. As a consequence, a new and more complete understanding of how antibody-mediated resistance to pathogens is elaborated has emerged. The recent explosion of knowledge of Toll-like receptor specificity and function has further embellished this understanding. It is now clear that there is not only extensive overlap and cross-complementarity in the action of innate and adaptive immune systems, but also specialization of function of the various B cell subsets and the types of antibodies they produce. This synergistic interaction of multiple components of these systems is perhaps best exemplified in antibody responses to bacteria. Contributions to this monograph were chosen to highlight this new perspective on antibody responses to infection, as well as to convey its practical implications, such as for contemporary vaccine design. Table of Contents Pattern Recognition by B Cells: The Role of Antigen Repetitiveness Versus Toll-Like Receptors.- The Multifunctional Role of Antibodies in the Protective Response to Bacterial T Cell-Independent Antigens.- B Cell Lineage Contributions to Antiviral Host Responses.- The Important and Diverse Roles of Antibodies in the Host Response to Borrelia Infections.- A Distinct Role for B1b Lymphocytes in T Cell-Independent Immunity.- Secretory Immunity Following Mutans Streptococcal Infection or Immunization. Long Description The importance of specific antibodies for the clearance of and long-term resistance to many infectious pathogens has long been appreciated. Moreover, the role in these processes of the different antibody heavy chain isotypes, each tailored to induce diverse effector pathways such as those mediated by complement and Fc receptors and to promote antibody localization in distinct regions of the body, is well established. Insights into the molecular mechanism of isotype class switching showed that during an immune response B cells could change the heavy chain of the antibody they produced, without influencing the structure and specificity of the antigen-binding variable regions of this antibody (Honjo 1983). More recently, the germinal center pathway of B cell development was elucidated, in which antibody variable regions undergo extensive structural alteration via hypermutation followed by stringent phenotypic selection (Berek 1992; Kelsoe 1995). Emerging from this pathway are memory B cells and long-lived antibody-forming cells that express antigen receptors and secrete antibodies, respectively, with increased affinity and specificity for the foreign antigen. Taken together, these findings led to a view of the acquisition of antibody-mediated resistance to infectious pathogens in mammals that involved extensive somatic matu- tion of antibody heavy and variable region structure and function during the immune response. This was in keeping with the concept that the B cell compartment comprises a major arm of the adaptive immune system. Such a view was reinforced by molecular analyses of antiviral antibody responses (Zinkernagel 1996). Feature Highlights a new perspective on antibody responses to infection Conveys its practical implications Details ISBN3540738991 Short Title SPECIALIZATION & COMPLEMENTATI Language English ISBN-10 3540738991 ISBN-13 9783540738992 Media Book Format Hardcover Series Number 319 Year 2007 Imprint Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K Place of Publication Berlin Country of Publication Germany DEWEY 616.079 Edited by Tim Manser Edition 2008th DOI 10.1604/9783540738992 Author Tim Manser Pages 162 Publisher Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG Edition Description 2008 ed. Series Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology Publication Date 2007-11-22 Alternative 9783642093135 Audience Professional & Vocational Illustrations XII, 162 p. We've got this At The Nile, if you're looking for it, we've got it. With fast shipping, low prices, friendly service and well over a million items - you're bound to find what you want, at a price you'll love! TheNile_Item_ID:137806558;

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